The words about slavery — negro, mulato, zambo, and more come from Spain. The idea of race and racial discrimination came from there too, starting with religion, Jewishness as a race. The Portuguese brought slaves to Spain in the early 15th century and slaves were brought to the Americas early on; the Iberians may have … More More Afro-Pessimism
“What is essential is neither the interpersonal nor institutional orientation toward blackness, but the fact that blackness is the essence of that which orients. Put differently, the coherence of reality (be it institutional or interpersonal coherence) is secured by anxiety over both the idea and the presence of blacks. The black, to paraphrase Frantz Fanon … More Afro-pessimism
Seeing like a state: Cecilia Valdés causes anxiety, or trouble, because she is not legible, except to a Latin American, who can fijarla and therefore is also fixed in place by her. (What moves and what slips from view is interesting in this book.) Legras points out that in the case of the Mexican revolution, … More The article, or the book
coldhearted scientist وداد 